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Community life

Community

At the heart of Jewish communal life in Finland are numerous associations, whose number may come as a surprise given the small size of the community. They include charitable associations, a sports club, a choir and several traditional Zionist organisations. The Jewish day-care centre and school also have an important role in carrying Jewish culture forward.

Many of these associations are among the oldest in Europe, as the operation of comparable associations elsewhere ceased during the Second World War. Their continued work in Finland is concrete evidence that the Finnish Jewish community survived the Holocaust, unlike most of Europe's Jewish communities.

In this section, we look at the work of these associations, both in history and today.

The chapel of the Jewish cemetery, Helsinki

Chevrot

Religious associations

At the heart of traditional Jewish religious life in Finland have been – and still are – the so-called chevrot, associations whose work is founded on the teachings of the Torah and the sacred writings. The oldest association operating in Finland is the burial society Chevra Kadisha. Helsinki is also still home to the society for aid to the sick, Bikur Cholim, and to the women's charitable association Fruntta.

Members of Makkabi marching, 1939

From 1906

Sport and culture

In the wake of the third conference of the Russian Zionists, held in Helsinki in 1906, and of the Helsinki Programme it drew up – a programme that called on Jewish communities to strengthen their own cultural and social life – a Jewish sports club was founded in Helsinki, as well as a Yiddish-language cultural association with its own choir and theatre group. The sports club Makkabi is still active.

Makkabi
The Hazamir Choir

From 1917

The rise of cultural life

When Finland gained its independence in 1917, Jewish cultural life rose to new heights. The Jewish choral society Juutalainen laulukuoro ry, which is still active, was founded that same year. Helsinki was also home to a Yiddish-language theatre society and a literary society, as well as the Hebrew-language club Chug Ivri, which remains active.

Hazamir
The WIZO Finland 100 years celebration

The 1920s

Zionist organisations

Zionist associations were also founded in the 1920s to support Jewish communities in Eretz Israel, the Land of Israel. These include the women's charitable organisation WIZO and Keren Kajemet, which today supports various environmental and climate development projects in Israel. Both associations remain actively at work.

Youth

Youth activities

Youth associations have always been an important part of the community's activity, and there have been several of them over the course of history. They have included both ideological and academic associations. Helsinki was also home to a Jewish scout troop. Today these traditions are carried on by BBYO and JOY.

The memorial stone of the war veterans' memorial grove at the Jewish cemetery in Helsinki

Heritage

Veterans and heritage

Remembering those who fell in the Second World War and assisting the veterans have been important matters for the Jewish community. The Association of Finland's Jewish War Veterans was founded in 1979, and its work is carried on today by the Heritage Guild, which maintains the veterans' memory.

Media

Magazines

Many magazines have been published within the Jewish community in Helsinki – in Swedish, Finnish and Yiddish. The first of these, Judisk Krönika, began to appear in 1918, and it has had several successors. The present magazine Hakehila has appeared since 1978 and will soon be almost fifty years old. Today it is published electronically.

Pupils and teachers of the Judiska Skolan, 1893–1900

1893 · 1918

Schools and the day-care centre

The Jewish community in Helsinki has had Jewish schools from its very beginning. Cheders, schools that teach the basics of Judaism, held an important place in the upbringing of children in the 19th century. The first Jewish co-educational school was founded in 1893, and it was succeeded by the Hebrew-language school that operated in the lower floor of the synagogue building. The present Helsingin juutalainen yhteiskoulu (Jewish school of Helsinki) was founded in 1918.

A living community — yesterday and today.

א ב ג ד ה ו ז ח ט י כ ל מ נ ס ע פ צ ק ר ש ת